Mark w



(No Model.) l M. W. DBWEY.

ELECTRIC RAILWAY.

No. 516,188". l Patented Mar. 13, 1894.

t* Q i iL El.iiiiii INVENTOR BYM MAA/MWL ATTORN EYS NNNNNNNNNNNN e.

UNITE STATES ATENT union.

MARK W. DEWEY, OF SYRAOUSE, NEW YORK, ASSIGN OR TO THE DEWEYCORPORATION, OF SAME PLACE.

ELECTRIC RAILWAY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 516,188, dated March13, 1894. Application filed July 6', 1889. Renewed April 28, 1890.Serial No. 349,729. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern.-

Be it known that I, MARK W. DEWEY, of Syracuse, in the county ofOnondaga, in the State of New York, have invented new andusefullmprovements in Electric Railways, of which the following, takenin connection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, andexact description.

My invention relates to propelling or moving vehicles such as cars andboats, electrically, and the object is to dispense with contact brushes,wheels, rbc., in electric connection with a conductor along the route ofthe vehicle, to allow the employment of currents of great strength, andto avoid the necessity of employing heavy and expensive batteries on thevehicle.

The invention consists in improved means for electrically communicatingwith a vehicle to propel the same or to supply other translating devicesthereon with current by induction and Without contact with the lineconductor.

The invention consists further, in employing a movable or travelingprimary coil in electric connection with the line conductor orconductors, moving said coil with and maintaining the same at, beneathor in the Vicinity of the vehicle carrying a secondary coil, by magneticpower, and inclosing the said primary coil in a closed conduit along theroadway, preferably beneath the same. The traveling coil is preferablyprovided with a laminated paramagnetic iron core or body to increase itseect and may be connected with the line conductor either in series orparallel.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l shows a diagrammatic view ofcircuits on a vehicle or car, and a sectional view of the conduitinclosing the primary or traveling coil. Fig. 2 is an end elevation ofsame. Fig. 3 is a cross sectional View of the primary and secondarycoils. Fig. lshows a closed magnetic circuit formed by the cores of thetwo coils. Fig. 5 shows a plan for insulating the wheels from eachother. Fig. 6 is a modification of Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a cross sectionalview of the same. Fig. 8 is a plan view ot' the primary coil, carriageand diagrammatic view of the electrical connectiohaand Fig. 9 is a sldeelevation of a modification of a ondary coil.

It will be obvious that the apparatus may be widely varied withoutdeparting from the spirit of my invention herein set forth, andtherefore I do not desire to be limited to the speciiic'arrangementsshown and described.

Referring specifically to Figs. 1, 2, 3, etand 5 of the drawings, A-indicates a suitable source of irregular or alternating electriccurrents, as an alternating dynamo. r--is a cu rrent regulator; -O- and-C- represent primary and secline conductors extendingtherefrom alongthe' roadway, and forming the rails of a track on the bottom of theinterior of the closed conduit-O. c-is the movable primary coil and -cthe laminated iron coreof the same,both located on a carriage -chavingwheels running on and in electric contact with the conductors orrails-O* and -O. Although the core of the coil may be a common straightand solid core, it is preferably constructed as shown, that is, it islaminated to prevent crosscurrents and is bent and extended in length soas to bring its poles in contact with or. in proximity to the interiorsurface or roof of the conduit. The conduit is constructed of wood,cement or other non-magnetic material but may have ironfplates, sectionsor plugs omdistributed along and extending through the top or roof ofthe conduit. The conduit should be either Well drained or keptwatertight, and the conductors therein are insulated from the ground.The magnetic device upon the vehicle may be greatly varied. The saiddevice shown inthe annexed drawings causes the primary coil carriagecwithin the conduit -C- to travel along with the vehicle B and consistsof an electro-magnet which is shown depending from beneath the vehicle-B. cZ- is the core of the said magnet and -cV-dare the coils thereof,the brushes -f-fconstituting the pole pieces, from which the magnetismextends to the iron portion -dmof the carriage. The core -dis constantlymagnetized by means of the coils -CZ- which are of high resistance andin a shunt circuit of vehicle con-v ductor -s containing the mainsecondary coil S-, consequently there will be a cur-v rent flowingthrough the magnetizing coils dcontinually and the core -dwill form apowerful electro-magnet, the pole pieces of which are the contactbrushes -f. Yielding rollers may be substituted for the brushes. Thismagnet will exert such attractive `force upon the iron part -d of thecarriage, that as the vehicle is moved by its motor, the carriage withits coil and core will travel in the conduit, following the movements ofthe magnetized exterior core and keeping its coil and core directlybeneath the secondary coil and core on the vehicle or in closeinductional relation and proximity to the same. As alternating currents`iow through the line conductors and primary coil, alternating currentsare induced in the secondary coil and conductor on the vehicle. Althoughan alternating current motor `may be connected in the circuit on thevehicle to move the same, and the carriage in the conduit attracted andmoved by an alternating current of large volume in a conductor as shownand described in a prior `application for Letters Patent on electrictraction filed by me, June 25, 1889, Serial No.\815,457. I prefer, inthis case, to straighten or rectify the currents `in the vehicleconductor by means of a suitable rectifier the same or similar to thatshown and `described in patent to G. Westinghouse, Jr., No. 373,035, sothat a continuous or direct current motor may be employed to movethecar, and a common magnetic device of great attractive power on `the carto move the primary coil. S is the secondarycoil carried onthevehicle-B--g -S- is the laminated iron Acore or body therefor, bent so as toextend itszpoles to orin contact with, or in proximity to the top or theexterior surface of the conduit. SL- represents the conductors of thesaid coil leading to the rectifier, and M is the motor to propel thevehicle, `in the circuit. D represents the current reverser forreversing the current through the armature, thereby reversing thedirection of i rotation of `the armature which `in turn changes thedirection of movement of `the ve-` hicle, and E is an adjustablerheostat for regulating the strength of the current {iowin g l For thepurpose of sup-` plying the motor with current in case there` flowingthrough the main line, or the movable coil, for a time, for some reasonor other,a secondary battery -F- is provided through the motor.

is none on the car and arranged to be charged or connected with thevehicle conductor alternately with the `motor or whenever the motorcircuit is opened, as when the vehicle is at rest, or, may bearranged to`be charged simultaneously withthe operation-'of the motor or the flowof current therethrough. The secondary battery may be employed forcharging the magnetic device magnet or for supplying other electrictranslating devices on the vehicle such as lamps or heaters. G is aswitch in the vehicle conductor -sleading from the rectifier forconnecting either the motor -M- or secondary battery -F- in circuit andis shown connected with the motor circuit or conductor -sthe secondarybattery circuit -Z- being open. H is a switch for connecting the batterywith the motor circuit, or magnetic device circuit -h-, and -?lis anadjustable resistance in the magnetic device circuit for regulatingthecurrent therein. The latter circuit extends from the rectifier to thecoils -cZ-0Z and is completed between the coils by the core -cZ. Asuitable inductional transformer or converter may be located in circuiton vehicle as indicated by the dotted square, to change the character ofthe current before passing through the rectifier. Although brushes oryielding iron rollers f on thepoles of the magnets are not absolutelynecessary, in order to obtain an increased and maximum effect, a closedmagnetic circuit is formed by means of the brushes or wheels and the`plugs of iron c" in the top plate of the conduit, as shown particularlyin Figs. l and 4. The wheels on each side of the coil carriage areinsulated from each other and from the `iron portion of the carriage bydividing theaxles inthe middle and setting the saine ininsulatingmaterial in holes extending `through the iron portion cZ"- at `eachendof the carriage, as shown very clearly in Fig. 5; it will be obviousthat this `may be greatly moditied and l do not therefore limit myself`to the precise construction shown.

Referring to Figsr, 7 and 8, A- as before represents thestationaryalternating current dynamo, -A-C- and -C- the conductorsextending along the road Within the `conduit -C-, -c the primary coiland c the laminated iron core of the same, located on the carriage c. Itwill be unnecessary to describe t'ully all the parts of these figures asmost of them are the same or substantially the same as those in figureshereinbeforedescribed, but will proceed directly to `point out anddescribe the dierentiating `features thereof. Both the primary coil cand` core -c'- on the carriage -cin the conduit, and the secondary coiland core on the vehicle or car, are arranged with their axes extendingparallelto and in the same direction as the track or movement of theVehicle, While in Fig. l they are shown transversely thereto. Thecurrents on the car are not rectified in this case, but an alternatingcurrent motor -`\l is provided in the circuit with the vehi cle orsecondarycoil to propel the vehicle, -brepresenting a belt or chainconnecting said motor with the driving axle -dof the vehicle. The motorsmay be arrangedorconuected'with the vehicle to propel the same in anyother suitable manner. The iron `plugs or sections -cextending throughthertop of the conduit are omitted in this ligure but may be employed ifdesired. In some cases l propose to employ a round non-magnetic,metallic pipe in place of a square Wooden or earthen conduit. Saidmetallic pipe may have IOO its sections insulated from each other ordivided in any suitable manner to prevent currents flowing therein. Themagnetic device for moving the primary coil is also omitted in Fig. 6,depending upon the attractive or rather repulsive force existing betweenthe poles of the two cores to keep the primary coil in place beneath thesecondary. It will be noticed that the poles of the primary core areinside of the poles of the secondary, so that there will be nodifference of position of the primary whenthe direction of movement ofthe car is changed, the poles of the said primary'repelling strongly thepoles of the secondary, tend to maintain the primary in a centralposition between the poles of the secondary, its proper position. Itwill be apparent that the poles of the secondary may be inside of thepoles of the primary, with like result.

Fig. 8 shows a plan for electrically connecting the primary coil withthe line conductors. Many ways may be employed but I prefer to providethe carriage with metallic wheels and axles insulated from the body ofthe carriage as shown in Fig. 5, then connect respectively the axles oneach side of the carriage together by electric'conductors l and 2 andthen connect the terminals 3 and4 of the coil conductors to theconductors l and 2. The coil will then be connected with the conductors-C- and -O- in multiple are, and each terminal of said coil will havetwo contacts so there will be no liability of the circuit being bro-kenby the jumping of the wheels on the rails or line conductors.

Fig. 9 shows wheels or rollers f on'the poles of both the primary andsecondary cores to make contact with the top of the conduit. The axlesofthe rollers revolve in slots 5 5 and -6-6- so that they maybe inyielding contact with the conduit. Springs -7- 7- bear upward the axlesof the rollers on the primary core poles to insure good contact.

Although the secondaries are shown as suspended from the body of the caror vehicle, I propose and prefer in some cases to suspend them from thetruck or axles of the car in a suitable manner to avoid vibrations dueto the springs of the car, &c. yThe conductor forming a secondary coilmay be and should be in some cases of greater cross-section or of lowerresistance than the line conductor and I therefore do not limit myselfto the size or materialk of said conductors or the length thereof. Whenaplurality of secondary coils are employed on a vehicle they may beconnected in series or parallel according to the character of thetransformation of the current required in any suitable and `well knownmanner.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

l. In an electric induction railway, a source of irregular oralternating currents, a conductor extending therefrom along the way, a

movable coil in electrical connection with the conductor, a vehicle, amagnetic device on the vehicle to move the movable coil, an electricconductor on the vehicle in suitable inductional relation to the coil,and a translating device connected with the latter conductor.

2. In an electric induction railway, a source of irregular oralternating currents, a conductor extending therefrom, a movable coil inelectrical connection with the conductor, a vehicle, a magnetic deviceon the vehicle to move the movable coil, a secondary circuit on thevehicle in suitable inductional relation to the coil, and an electricmotor in the circuit to move the vehicle.

3. In an electric induction railway, a source of irregular oralternating currents, a conductor extending therefrom along the railway,a movable coil in electrical connection:

with the conductor, a vehicle, a magnetic de- 'vice on the vehicle tomove the coil, a secondary circuit on the vehicle in suitableinductional relation to the coil, an electric motor to move the vehicle,and controlling devices in the secondary circuit.

4. In an electric induction railway, a source yof irregular oralternating currents, aV conductor extending therefrom along the way, a

-movable coil in electric connection with the conductor, a paramagneticor iron core or body for said coil, a vehicle, a magnetic device on thevehicle to move the coil, a secondary circuit on the vehicle in suitableinductional relation to the coil or core, and an electric motor to movethe vehicle in the secondary circuit.

5. In an electric induction railway, a source of irregular oralternating currents, a conductor extending therefrom along the way, amovable coil in electric connection with the conductor, a laminatedparamagnet1c or iron core or body for said coil, a vehicle, a magneticdevice on the vehicle to move the coil, a secondary circuit on thevehicle in suitable inductional relation to the coil or core, and anelectric motor to move the vehicle, in the secondary circuit.

6. -In al1 electric induction railway, a source of irregular oralternating currents, a conductor extending therefrom along the way, amovable coil in electric connection with the conductor, a laminatedparamagnetic or ironl core or body for said coil, a vehicle,.a magneticdevice on the vehicle vto move the coil,

a secondary circuit on the vehicle in suitable.

IOO

IIO

inductional relation to the coil or core, an

electric motor to move the vehicle, and controlling devices in thesecondary circuit.

7. In an electric induction railway, a source of irregular oralternating currents, conductors extending therefrom along the way, aconduit for said conductors, a movable coil -in said conduitinelectrical connection with the conductors, a vehicle, a magnetic deviceon the vehicle to move the coil, a secondary circuit on the vehicle insuitable inductional recle,a magnetic device on the vehicle to move thecoil, a secondary circuit on the vehicle in suitable inductionalrelation to the coil or core, and an electric motor to move the vehiclein the secondary circuit.

9. In an electric induction railway, a source t of irregular oralternating currents, conductors extending therefrom along the way, aconduitfor said conductors, a movable coil in said conduit, inelectrical connection with the conductors, an iron core for said coilhaving poles extended to or in proximity to the interior surface of theconduit, a vehicle, a magl netic device on the vehicle to move the coil,a secondary circuit on the vehicle in suitable inductional relation tothe coil or core, and an electric motor to move the vehicle, in thesecondary circuit.

10. In an electric induction railway, a source of irregular oralternating currents, a conductor extending therefrom along the way, amovable coil in electric connection with the con` ductor, a paramagneticor iron core or body for said coil, a vehicle, a magnetic device on thevehicle to move the coil, a secondary coil upon the vehicle and a coreor body of iron for the latter coil in inductional relation to themovable coil and core, and an electric motor to move the vehicle incircuit of the vehicle conductor.

11. In an electric induction railway, a source of irregular oralternating currents, conductors extending therefrom along the railway,a conduit for said conductors, a movable coil in said conduit inelectrical connection with the conductors, an iron core or body for saidcoil having poles extending to or in proximity to the interior surfaceof the conduit, a vehicle, a magnetic device on the vehicle to move thecoil, a secondary coil upon the vehicle, a core or body of ironfor thelatter coil having poles extending to or in proximity to the exteriorsurface of the conduit, and in induetional relationlto the movable corein the conduit, and an electric motor to move the vehicle, in thecircuit of the vehicle conductor.

12. In an electric induction railway, a source of irregular oralternating currents, conductors extending therefrom along the railway,a conduit for said conductors, a movable coil in said conduit inelectrical connection with the conductors, an iron core or body for saidcoil having poles extending to or in proximity to the interior surfaceof the conduit, a vehicle, a'magnetic device on the vehicle to move thecoil, a secondary coil upon the vehicle, a core or body of iron for thelatter coil having poles extending to or in proximity to the exteriorsurface of the conduit, and in inductional relation to the movable corein the conduit, plugs or sections of iron in the top of the conduit, andan electric motor to move the vehicle, in the circuit of the vehicleconductor.

13. In an electric induction railway, a source of irregular oralternating currents, conductors extending therefrom along the way, aclosed conduit containing said conductors a movable coil in said conduitin multiple arc connection `with the conductors, an iron core or bodyfor said coil having poles extending to or in proximity to the interiorsurface of the conduit, a vehicle, a magnetic device on the vehicle tomove `the coil, a secondary coil upon the vehicle, a core or body ofiron for the latter coil having poles extendingto or in proximity to theexterior surface of the conduit, and opposite the poles of the core`inthe conduit, plugs or sections of iron extending `through the top ofthe conduit, and an electric motor to move the vehicle, or othertranslating device in the circuit of the vehicle conductor.

14. In an electric induction railway, a source of irregular oralternating currents, a conductor or conductors extending therefromalong the way, a conduit for said conductors, a movablecoil and core insaid-conduit in electric connection with the conductoror conductors, avehicle, a magnetic device on the vehicle to move the coil, a secondarycircuit on the vehicle in suitable inductional relation to the coil orcore, a current rectifier in the latter circuit to straighten thecurrents therein, and

an electric motor to move the vehicleor other electric translatingdevice thereon, in the latter circuit.

15.111 an electric induction railway, a source of irregular oralternating currents, a conductor or conductors extending therefromalong the way, a conduit for said conductors, a movablecoil and core insaid conduit in electric connection with the conductor or conductors, avehicle, a magnetic device on the vehicleto move the coil, a secondarycircuit on the vehiclein suitable inductional relation to the coil orcore, a current rectifier in the latter circuit to straighten thecurrents therein, and a continuous or direct current motor to move thevehicle, connected in the latter circuit.

16. In an electricinduction railway, a source of irregular oralternating currents, a conductor or conductors extending therefromalong the way, a conduit for said conductors a movable coil and core insaid conduit in electric connection with the conductor or conductors, avehicle, a magnetic device on the vehicle to move the coil, a secondarycircuit on the vehicle in suitable inductional relation to the coil orcore, a current rectier in the latter circuit to straighten the currentstherein, a continuous or direct current motor to move the vehicleconnected in the latter circuit, and a secondary battery on the vehicleadapted to be connected inthe latter circuit.

17. In an electric induction railway, a source of irregular oralternating currents, aconduc- ICO ILO

Azo

tor or conductors extending therefrom along the way, a conduit for saidconductors, a movable coil and core in said conduit in electricconnection with the conductor or conductors, a vehicle, a magneticdeviceon the vehicle to move the coil, a secondary circuit on the vehicle insuitable inductive relation to the coil or core, a current rectifier inthe latter circuit to straighten the currents therein, a continuous ordirect current motor to move the vehicle, a secondary battery on thevehicle, and a switch for including the motor and battery in circuitalternately.

18. In an electric induction railway, a source of irregular oralternating currents, conductors extending therefrom along the way, aclosed conduit containing said conductors, a movable coil in saidconduit in multiple arc connection with the conductors, a laminated ironcore or body for said coil having poles extending to or in proximity tothe interior surface of the conduit, a vehicle, a magnetic device on theVehicle to move the coil, a secondary coil upon the vehicle, a laminatedcore or body of iron for the latter coil having poles extending to or inproximity to the exterior surface of the conduit, and opposite the polesof the core in the conduit, plugs or sections of iron extending throughthe top of the conduit, and an electric motor to move the vehicle orother translating device in the circuit of the vehicle conductor.

19. In an electric induction railway, a source of irregular oralternating currents, conductors extending therefrom along the Way, aconduit for said conductors, a movable coil in said conduit inelectrical connection with the conductors, a vehicle, means on thevehicle to move the coil, a secondary circuit on the vehicle insuitablev inductional relation 4o to the coil, and an electric motor tomove the Vehicle in the secondary circuit.

20. In an electric railway, the combination of a source of alternatingor other pulsatory electric. currents, a normally open circuit thereofclosable by a traveling electro-inagnet within a subterranean sealedconduit, a surface-track parallel to said conduit,a c ar adapted totravel on said track, a closed circuit-on said car which contains amotor and an electro-magnet in inductive proximity to saidconduit-magnet, for the purpose set forth.

21. Inan electric railway, a source of electric current, a conduitextending along the Way, a movable coil in said conduit 1n electricalconnection with the source, a vehicle, means to cause the movable coilto follow the movement of the vehicle, a secondary circuit on thevehicle in suitable inductional relation to the said coil, and anelectric motor to move the vehicle in the secondary circuit.

22. In an electric induction railway, a source of electric currents,conductors extending therefrom along the Way, a conduit for saidconductors, a movable coil in said conduit in electrical connection withthe conductors, a vehicle, means on the vehicle to move the coil, asecondary circuit on the vehicle in suitable inductional relation tothecoil, and an electric motor to move the vehicle in the secondarycircuit.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my naine this 3d day ofJuly, 1889.

MARK DEWEY. [L S.]

